• agriculture influenced by many factors
    • colony
    • soil
    • climate
    • farming method/tech
  • commerical farming: large scale grain producers and cattle ranches
    • colonial empires
    • dominates core
  • preservation tech -> can grow more in periphery
  • monoculture: dependence on single agricultural commodity

World Map of Climates

  • made by Wladimir Koppen
    • Koppen climate classification system
    • climatic regions
    • A: hot/humid
    • Af: equatorial rainforest
    • Am: monsoon
    • Aw: savanna
    • BW: desert
    • BS: steppe
    • Cf: humid temperate
    • C: Mediterranean
    • Da: Eurasian, cold
    • Dfb, Dfc: cold af

World Map of Agriculture

  • drier land -> livestock ranching
  • moister -> grain

Cash Crops and Plantation Agriculture

  • caused by colonial powers
    • Cuba and sugar
  • plantation agriculture: cash crops on large estates
  • multinational corporations hinder progress by protecting interests
    • United Fruit Company and Guatemalan overthrow

Cotton and Rubber

  • also started by colonial powers
  • cotton in 19th century
  • synthetic rubber in WW2

Luxury Crops

  • coffee
    • Ethiopia
    • Middle and South America 70%
    • fair trade coffee
  • tea
  • tobacco
  • cacao

Commercial Livestock, Fruit, Grain Agriculture

  • dairying: NE US and NW Eu
  • Fruit: E/SE US
  • Livestock/crop farming: E US, W Eu, W Russia
  • grain farming: Kansas, Ukraine
  • ranching: US, Canada, Mx, Brazil, Argentina, Au, NZ, SA

Subsistence Agriculture

  • SE Asia

Mediterranean

  • Medi, Ca, Or, Chile, South Africa

Enviromental Impacts of Commercial Agriculture

  • overfishing
    • 1950-1980: 5x