rectangular survey system across America
- green circle -> center pivot irrigation
- checkerboard land ownership
- part of township and range system
  - gridlike -> easy to sell land
  - lots of colonies implemented
metes and bounds survey: natural features for irregularly shaped pieces of land
long-lot survey system: land into narrow parcels from rivers, roads, canals
primogeniture: land passes to eldest son
- larger plots
- single farm

Villages

traditionally village residents farm surrounding land or service farmers
Japan: small living space, more for farm
American Midwest: dispersed settlement because machine farms land
Java: nucleated settlement, villages along road, land is done by human + animals
Europe hills: villages on hill, farm on flat gorund
Western Europe: villages on dikes/levees -> linear
rundling: round village
- central cattle corral
Mongols attack Mesopotamia -> walled villages
village population still growing
- China: 60%
- Indian: 70%
- agrarian
NAFTA and Mexico
- US exports of corn to Mexico 3x
- rural population -> off farm work
- migrants

Functional Differentiation Within Villages

better house = symbol of stratification
- African leaders have better house + location
- Indian caste houses
storage houses are built specilaly
different places have different farm structures